WAR - Helm History

Kubrat’s Sons: The Founding of the First Bulgarian Empire

The origin of the modern Bulgarians is associated with Turkic people who in the past inhabited the Caucasus region. From there they gradually migrated westward and southward toward the Balkan Peninsula. Origins Sources concerning the Proto-Bulgarians are relatively scarce, and the study of their history relies heavily on early Byzantine authors. Of particular importance is […]

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Celts in The Heart of Balkan: Exploring the Gallic Invasion

ANTIQUITY

The Celts were part of the Indo-European group of people. Their tribes and groups ranged from the British Isles and northern Spain to as far east as Transylvania, the Black Sea coasts, Anatolia and were partly absorbed into the Roman Empire as Britons, Gauls, Boii, Galatians, and Celtiberians. Linguistically they survive in the modern day Ireland, Highland Scotland, the Isle of Man, Wales, and Brittany. FIRST CELTS IN THE BALKANS In

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Constantinople: Building the New Rome On The Bosphorus

MEDIEVAL

At the beginning of the 4th century, Roman Empire found itself in a very critical situation. The empire had four emperors in the year 311. This system showed its weakness very quickly and the empire was suddenly in the middle of the civil war. Constantine, who would later be known as Constantine the Great, emerged

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Slavs In Anatolia: Historical Migrations And Byzantine Wars

MEDIEVAL

The reign of Constans II (641-668) faced early obstacles, with the most significant pressure coming from Arabs in the east. Things changed when chaos took over the Arab world, and the civil war between Mu’awiya I and Ali broke out. Mu’awiya became caliph in Syria, while Ali, the son-in-law of Prophet Muhammad, held power in

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SLAVIC-AVAR SIEGE OF CONSTANTINOPOLE

MEDIEVAL

The first half of the 7th century was a very difficult period for Byzantine Empire. Many Germanic tribes threatened the Byzantine possessions in the West, and the Persians did the same in the East, while the Avars in the Balkans subjugated a good part of the Slavic tribes and attacked together. Byzantines tried to buy

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SLAVIC SIEGES OF THESSALONIKI (SECOND PART)

MEDIEVAL

The miracles of Saint Demetrius bring us additional information about the critical position of the city of Thessaloniki, which was surrounded by Slavic tribes. This time we bring an episode about the Slavic siege of Thessaloniki under the leadership of Hacon/Haton in 614-616. It is said that during the time of Bishop John, the Slavs

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GREEK FIRE: DANGEROUS MEDIEVAL WEAPON

MEDIEVAL

In the 7th century, the Byzantine Empire grappled with constant attacks on its borders, prompting a reassessment of defense strategies. A crucial aspect of this involved refining war techniques and weaponry.Amidst heightened vulnerability on the eastern border to aggressive Arab incursions, a unique weapon emerged – the mysterious Greek fire. The true originator of Greek

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